Environmental Study for Flood Risk Management Case Based on Socio-Economic Vulnerability, Flood Hazard, and Exposure in Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract

Flooding is a significant environmental problem in Jakarta, Indonesia, driven by high rainfall, flat topography, and land subsidence. These hazards directly impact socio-economic vulnerability (population density, settlement quality, and economic levels) and urban exposure (exposed residents, economic assets, and public facilities). This environmental study integrates flood hazard factors, socio-economic vulnerability, and exposure metrics using a descriptive qualitative research approach to determine localized flood risk levels. Utilizing secondary data integrated with GIS frameworks, data analytics, and digital monitoring dashboards, this study maps spatial risk distributions across Jakarta's administrative regions. The empirical findings reveal that integrating socio-economic parameters with hydrological indices supports the development of an intelligent, proactive Smart Flood Risk Management System (SFRMS). This combined tech-driven infrastructure provides actionable risk monitoring and visual priority mitigation matrices, forming a resilient foundation for modern urban disaster risk management.